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 Appendix II
Description of the Federal Community
Supervision Process
November 1, 1987, may receive a sentence of incarceration followed by a
period of parole. Offenders receiving prison terms must complete a
minimum of one-third of the sentence before they are eligible for parole to
the community. Some offenders are not paroled to the community because
the USPC deems them to be a risk to the community. These offenders are to
remain in prison until they have served their entire sentence, less a
minimum period for community supervision. They are then released to the
community under mandatory release.1
After an offender has served one-third of the sentence, USPC may approve
parole and impose special and mandatory conditions. If the offender does
not violate any of the conditions, he or she completes supervision. If,
however, the offender violates a condition or a set of conditions, USPC can
either modify the conditions of supervision by making them more
restrictive or revoke parole and have the offender reincarcerated. In the
event the offender has committed a new crime, he or she may be
prosecuted for the offense.
Offenders who committed offenses on or after November 1, 1987, may be
Supervised Release
given both a term of imprisonment and a term of supervised release by the
sentencing judge. The offender serves his or her entire prison sentence,
less a maximum reduction of 54 days per year for satisfactory behavior. As
in the cases of probation and parole, the supervised release offender is
also assigned mandatory and, if needed, special conditions. Figure II.3
shows that mandatory and special conditions may be imposed by the
sentencing judge, as well as by the probation officer, in cases where the
need for a special condition has arisen after sentencing. The conditions
imposed by the probation officer may have been specified in the
prerelease plan developed by BOP prior to the offender's release from
prison. The probation officer may also determine that special conditions
are required when preparing the supervision plan or when monitoring the
offender's behavior while on supervised release.
1
As a form of release from prison mandated by statute, and which has been phased out under the
Sentencing Reform Act, mandatory release can be distinguished from either probation or parole in that
mandatory releasees essentially are denied regular parole because they are dangerous offenders or
committed serious acts. The statute provided for release 180 days prior to the expiration of the
prisoner's sentence to allow for a minimal period of supervision.
Page 32
GAO/GGD-97-110 Trends in Community Supervision of Federal Offenders
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